Surfer's Eye: An Overview of Pterygium and Its Treatment Options

Pterygium, also known as surfer's eye, is a common eye condition that affects people living in areas with high exposure to UV radiation. It is a non-cancerous growth of the conjunctiva, a thin, transparent layer of tissue that covers the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids. In this essay, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for pterygium.




Causes

The exact cause of pterygium is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Prolonged exposure to UV radiation, dry and dusty environments, and smoking are some of the environmental factors that may increase the risk of developing pterygium. Additionally, people with a family history of pterygium are more likely to develop the condition.


Symptoms

The symptoms of pterygium may include a feeling of a foreign object in the eye, redness, irritation, and excessive tearing. The growth of pterygium can also lead to astigmatism, a condition where the cornea becomes irregularly shaped, causing blurred vision.


Treatment

The treatment options for pterygium depend on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, artificial tears and lubricating ointments can help relieve the symptoms. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the growth. The most common surgical procedure for pterygium is called excision with conjunctival autografting. In this procedure, the growth is removed, and a small piece of tissue is taken from another part of the conjunctiva and used to cover the area where the growth was removed.


In conclusion, pterygium is a common eye condition that can cause discomfort and visual disturbances. While the exact cause is unknown, exposure to UV radiation and genetic factors may increase the risk of developing pterygium. Treatment options range from artificial tears and lubricating ointments to surgical procedures such as excision with conjunctival autografting. If you suspect you have pterygium, it is important to consult an eye doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.


References:


  1. American Optometric Association. (2022). Pterygium. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/pterygium
  2. Mayo Clinic. (2021). Pterygium. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pterygium/symptoms-causes/syc-20353893
  3. National Eye Institute. (2019). Facts about pterygium. Retrieved March 28, 2023, from https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/pterygium-fact-sheet

Dr. Zeyad Zaben
Optometrist, Spain

Location: 08500 Vic, Barcelona, Spain

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